Selenium Cheat sheet for Python

Install Selenium
To install Selenium webdriver ,

pip3 install selenium

Dirty our hands !

Import Selenium

from selenium import webdriver

Browsers support (Firefox , Chrome , Internet Explorer, Edge , Opera)
Driver setup:
Chrome:
chromedriver = webdriver.Chrome("Chrome Driver Path")
To download: Visit Here
Firefox:
firefoxdriver = webdriver.Firefox("Firefox Driver Path")
To download: Visit GitHub

Internet Explorer:
iedriver = webdriver.IE("­IE Driver Path")
To download: Visit Here
Edge:
edgedriver = webdriver.Edge("Edge Driver Path")
To download: Visit Here
Opera:
operadriver = webdriver.Opera("Opera Driver Path")
To download: visit GitHub
Browser Arguments:
–headless
To open browser in headless mode. Works in both Chrome and Firefox browser
–start-maximized
To start browser maximized to screen. Requires only for Chrome browser. Firefox by default starts maximized
–incognito
To open private chrome browser
–disable-notifications
To disable notifications, works Only in Chrome browser
Example:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

options = Options()
options.add_argument("--headless")
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
options.add_argument("--disable-notifications")
options.add_argument("--incognito")

driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options, executable_path="Path to driver")

Alternative

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

options = Options()

options.add_argument("--incognito","--start-maximized","--headless")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options, executable_path="Path to driver")

Launch URL

driver.get(url)

Retrieve Browser Details:

driver.title
driver.window_handles
driver.current_window_handles
driver.current_url
driver.page_source

Navigation

driver.get(url)
driver.back()
driver.forward()
driver.refresh()

Locating Elements
By id
<input id=”login” type=”text” />

element = driver.find_element_by_id(“login”)

By Class Name
<input class=”gLFyf” type=”text” />

element = driver.find_element_by_class_name(“gLFyf”)

By Name
<input name=”z” type=”text” />

element = driver.find_element_by_name(“z”)

By Tag Name
<div id=”login” >…</div>

element = driver.find_element_by_tag_name(“div”)

By Link Text
<a href=”#”>News</a>

element = driver.find_element_by_link_text(“News”)

By XPath
<form id=”login” action=”submit” method=”get”>
Username: <input type=”text” />
Password: <input type=”password” />
</form>

element = driver.find_element_by_xpath(“//form[@id='login']/input”)

By CSS Selector
<form id=”login” action=”submit” method=”get”>
Username: <input type=”text” />
Password: <input type=”password” />
</form>

element = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(“input.username”)

Clicking / Input text
Clicking button

chromedriver.find_element_by_class_name("gLFyf").click()

Send Text

chromedriver.find_element_by_class_name("gLFyf").send_keys("hello")

Waits

Implicit Waits
An implicit wait instructs Selenium WebDriver to poll DOM for a certain amount of time, this time can be specified, when trying to find an element or elements that are not available immediately.

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.implicitly_wait(10)
driver.get("https://www.google.com")
driver.find_element_by_name("q").click()

Explicit Waits
Explicit wait make the webdriver wait until certain conditions are fulfilled . Example of a wait

try:

    element = WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(
        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.NAME, "q")))

    # Type "selenium"
    element.send_keys("selenium")

    # Type Enter
    element.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)

except TimeoutException:
    print("Failed to load search bar at www.google.com")

List of explicit waits

• title_is
• title_contains
• presence_of_element_located
• visibility_of_element_located
• visibility_of
• presence_of_all_elements_located
• text_to_be_present_in_element
• text_to_be_present_in_element_value
• frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it
• invisibility_of_element_located
• element_to_be_clickable
• staleness_of
• element_to_be_selected
• element_located_to_be_selected
• element_selection_state_to_be
• element_located_selection_state_to_be
• alert_is_present

Loading a list of elements like li and selecting one of the element

searchButton_css = "button.btn.Searchbox__searchButton.Searchbox__searchButton--active[data-selenium='searchButton']"
inputDestination_css = "input[data-selenium='textInput']"
suggestedDestinationList_css = "ul.AutocompleteList"
stringBali = "Bali"
# Create a new chromedriver instance
driver = webdriver.Chrome()

# Go to www.agoda.com
driver.get("https://www.agoda.com")

try:
    element = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, searchButton_css)))
    driver.find_element_by_css_selector(inputDestination_css).send_keys("Bali Indonesia")


except TimeoutException:
    print("Failed to load page")


try:
    elements = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, suggestedDestinationList_css)))
    items = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(suggestedDestinationList_css)
    elementsList = items.find_elements_by_tag_name("li")

    for item in elementsList:
        print (item.text +"\n")
        if item.text in stringBali:
            item.click()
            break




except TimeoutException:

    print("Failed to load list")

Read Attribute

print("Title of searchbar : "+ chromedriver.find_element_by_name("q").get_attribute("jsaction"))

Get CSS

# import the webdriver
from selenium import webdriver

# set exe path and open the browser.
driver = webdriver.Chrome()

# open website
driver.get("https://google.com")

# get the css value
cssValue = driver.find_element_by_name("q").value_of_css_property("font-size")
print("font size searchbar : "+ cssValue)

CSS values varies on different browser, you may not get same values for all the browser.
Capture Screenshot

# import the webdriver
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get(url)

driver.get_screenshot_as_file('sample_screenshot_2.png')

driver.save_screenshot('screenshot1.png')

save_screenshot("filename") and get_screenshot_as_file("filename) will work only when the extension of file is "png". Otherwise the content cannot be viewed.
is_selected()
is_selected() method in selenium verifies if an element (such as checkbox) is selected or not. is_selected() method returns a boolean.

# import the webdriver
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome();

# open website
driver.get("https://google.com/")

# get css value
isSelected = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@id='selected']").is_selected()
print("Is checkbox selected : ", isSelected)
Output : Is checkbox selected : ", False

is_displayed()
is_displayed() method in selenium webdriver verifies and returns a boolean based on the state of the element (such as button) whether it is displayed or not.

# import the webdriver
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

# open website
driver.get("https://google.com")

# get css value
isDisplayed = driver.find_element_by_name("q").is_displayed()
print("Is Searchbar Displayed : ", isDisplayed)

is_enabled()
is_enabled() method in selenium python verifies and returns a boolean based on the state of the element (such as button) whether it is enabled or not.

# import the webdriver
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

# open website
driver.get("https://google.com")

# element enabled
isEnabled = driver.find_element_by_name("q").is_enabled()
print("Is searchbar enabled : ", isEnabled)

Minimum modules to import

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By